2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@c Copyright (C) 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
|
|
|
|
@c This is part of the GnuPG manual.
|
|
|
|
@c For copying conditions, see the file gnupg.texi.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node Invoking GPGSM
|
|
|
|
@chapter Invoking GPGSM
|
|
|
|
@cindex GPGSM command options
|
|
|
|
@cindex command options
|
|
|
|
@cindex options, GPGSM command
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@manpage gpgsm.1
|
|
|
|
@ifset manverb
|
|
|
|
.B gpgsm
|
2006-08-17 21:58:28 +02:00
|
|
|
\- CMS encryption and signing tool
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@mansect synopsis
|
|
|
|
@ifset manverb
|
|
|
|
.B gpgsm
|
|
|
|
.RB [ \-\-homedir
|
|
|
|
.IR dir ]
|
|
|
|
.RB [ \-\-options
|
|
|
|
.IR file ]
|
|
|
|
.RI [ options ]
|
|
|
|
.I command
|
|
|
|
.RI [ args ]
|
|
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@mansect description
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} is a tool similar to @command{gpg} to provide digital
|
|
|
|
encryption and signing servicesd on X.509 certificates and the CMS
|
2005-04-20 20:46:51 +02:00
|
|
|
protocol. It is mainly used as a backend for S/MIME mail processing.
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} includes a full features certificate management and
|
|
|
|
complies with all rules defined for the German Sphinx project.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@manpause
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@xref{Option Index}, for an index to @command{GPGSM}'s commands and options.
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@mancont
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM Commands:: List of all commands.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM Options:: List of all options.
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
* GPGSM Configuration:: Configuration files.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
* GPGSM Examples:: Some usage examples.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Developer information:
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
* Unattended Usage:: Using @command{gpgsm} from other programs.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
* GPGSM Protocol:: The protocol the server mode uses.
|
|
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** COMMANDS ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@mansect commands
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node GPGSM Commands
|
|
|
|
@section Commands
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commands are not distinguished from options execpt for the fact that
|
2006-08-16 16:54:19 +02:00
|
|
|
only one command is allowed.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
2006-08-16 16:54:19 +02:00
|
|
|
* General GPGSM Commands:: Commands not specific to the functionality.
|
|
|
|
* Operational GPGSM Commands:: Commands to select the type of operation.
|
|
|
|
* Certificate Management:: How to manage certificates.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ********** GENERAL COMMANDS *************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2006-08-16 16:54:19 +02:00
|
|
|
@node General GPGSM Commands
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@subsection Commands not specific to the function
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
@item --version
|
|
|
|
@opindex version
|
|
|
|
Print the program version and licensing information. Not that you can
|
|
|
|
abbreviate this command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --help, -h
|
|
|
|
@opindex help
|
|
|
|
Print a usage message summarizing the most usefule command-line options.
|
|
|
|
Not that you can abbreviate this command.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --warranty
|
|
|
|
@opindex warranty
|
|
|
|
Print warranty information.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --dump-options
|
|
|
|
@opindex dump-options
|
|
|
|
Print a list of all available options and commands. Not that you can
|
|
|
|
abbreviate this command.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ******** OPERATIONAL COMMANDS ***********
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2006-08-16 16:54:19 +02:00
|
|
|
@node Operational GPGSM Commands
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@subsection Commands to select the type of operation
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
@item --encrypt
|
|
|
|
@opindex encrypt
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
Perform an encryption. The keys the data is encrypted too must be set
|
|
|
|
using the option @option{--recipient}.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --decrypt
|
|
|
|
@opindex decrypt
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
Perform a decryption; the type of input is automatically determined. It
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
may either be in binary form or PEM encoded; automatic determination of
|
|
|
|
base-64 encoding is not done.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --sign
|
|
|
|
@opindex sign
|
|
|
|
Create a digital signature. The key used is either the fist one found
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
in the keybox or those set with the @option{--local-user} option.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --verify
|
|
|
|
@opindex verify
|
|
|
|
Check a signature file for validity. Depending on the arguments a
|
|
|
|
detached signatrue may also be checked.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --server
|
|
|
|
@opindex server
|
|
|
|
Run in server mode and wait for commands on the @code{stdin}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --call-dirmngr @var{command} [@var{args}]
|
|
|
|
@opindex call-dirmngr
|
|
|
|
Behave as a Dirmngr client issuing the request @var{command} with the
|
|
|
|
optional list of @var{args}. The output of the Dirmngr is printed
|
2004-02-04 20:13:16 +01:00
|
|
|
stdout. Please note that file names given as arguments should have an
|
|
|
|
absulte file name (i.e. commencing with @code{/} because they are
|
|
|
|
passed verbatim to the Dirmngr and the working directory of the
|
|
|
|
Dirmngr might not be the same as the one of this client. Currently it
|
|
|
|
is not possible to pass data via stdin to the Dirmngr. @var{command}
|
|
|
|
should not contain spaces.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is command is required for certain maintaining tasks of the dirmngr
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
where a dirmngr must be able to call back to @command{gpgsm}. See the Dirmngr
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
manual for details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --call-protect-tool @var{arguments}
|
|
|
|
@opindex call-protect-tool
|
|
|
|
Certain maintenance operations are done by an external program call
|
|
|
|
@command{gpg-protect-tool}; this is usually not installed in a directory
|
|
|
|
listed in the PATH variable. This command provides a simple wrapper to
|
|
|
|
access this tool. @var{arguments} are passed verbatim to this command;
|
|
|
|
use @samp{--help} to get a list of supported operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ******* CERTIFICATE MANAGEMENT **********
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Certificate Management
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@subsection How to manage the certificates and keys
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
@item --gen-key
|
|
|
|
@opindex gen-key
|
2007-06-21 20:44:48 +02:00
|
|
|
This command allows the interactive creation of a certifcate signing
|
|
|
|
request. It is commonly used along with the @option{--output} option to
|
|
|
|
save the created CSR into a file.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --list-keys
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@itemx -k
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@opindex list-keys
|
|
|
|
List all available certificates stored in the local key database.
|
2004-08-18 16:38:47 +02:00
|
|
|
Note that the displayed data might be reformatted for better human
|
|
|
|
readability and illegal characters are replaced by safe substitutes.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --list-secret-keys
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@itemx -K
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@opindex list-secret-keys
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
List all available certificates for which a corresponding a secret key
|
|
|
|
is available.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --list-external-keys @var{pattern}
|
|
|
|
@opindex list-keys
|
|
|
|
List certificates matching @var{pattern} using an external server. This
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
utilizes the @code{dirmngr} service.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-13 17:57:30 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --list-chain
|
|
|
|
@opindex list-chain
|
|
|
|
Same as @option{--list-keys} but also prints all keys making up the chain.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-21 15:30:45 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --dump-cert
|
|
|
|
@itemx --dump-keys
|
|
|
|
@opindex dump-cert
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@opindex dump-keys
|
|
|
|
List all available certificates stored in the local key database using a
|
|
|
|
format useful mainly for debugging.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-13 17:57:30 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --dump-chain
|
|
|
|
@opindex dump-chain
|
|
|
|
Same as @option{--dump-keys} but also prints all keys making up the chain.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --dump-secret-keys
|
|
|
|
@opindex dump-secret-keys
|
|
|
|
List all available certificates for which a corresponding a secret key
|
|
|
|
is available using a format useful mainly for debugging.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --dump-external-keys @var{pattern}
|
2004-08-18 16:38:47 +02:00
|
|
|
@opindex dump-external-keys
|
2004-04-26 10:09:25 +02:00
|
|
|
List certificates matching @var{pattern} using an external server.
|
|
|
|
This utilizes the @code{dirmngr} service. It uses a format useful
|
|
|
|
mainly for debugging.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2004-04-28 10:59:34 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --keydb-clear-some-cert-flags
|
|
|
|
@opindex keydb-clear-some-cert-flags
|
|
|
|
This is a debugging aid to reset certain flags in the key database
|
|
|
|
which are used to cache certain certificate stati. It is especially
|
|
|
|
useful if a bad CRL or a weird running OCSP reponder did accidently
|
|
|
|
revoke certificate. There is no security issue with this command
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
because @command{gpgsm} always make sure that the validity of a certificate is
|
2004-04-28 10:59:34 +02:00
|
|
|
checked right before it is used.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --delete-keys @var{pattern}
|
|
|
|
@opindex delete-keys
|
|
|
|
Delete the keys matching @var{pattern}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --export [@var{pattern}]
|
|
|
|
@opindex export
|
|
|
|
Export all certificates stored in the Keybox or those specified by the
|
2007-05-15 18:10:48 +02:00
|
|
|
optional @var{pattern}. Those pattern consist of a list of user ids
|
|
|
|
(@pxref{how-to-specify-a-user-id}). When used along with the
|
|
|
|
@option{--armor} option a few informational lines are prepended before
|
|
|
|
each block. There is one limitation: As there is no commonly agreed
|
|
|
|
upon way to pack more than one certificate into an ASN.1 structure, the
|
|
|
|
binary export (i.e. without using @option{armor}) works only for the
|
|
|
|
export of one certificate. Thus it is required to specify a
|
|
|
|
@var{pattern} which yields exactly one certificate.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2004-02-19 17:26:32 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --export-secret-key-p12 @var{key-id}
|
|
|
|
@opindex export
|
2007-03-20 11:00:55 +01:00
|
|
|
Export the private key and the certificate identified by @var{key-id} in
|
|
|
|
a PKCS#12 format. When using along with the @code{--armor} option a few
|
|
|
|
informational lines are prepended to the output. Note, that the PKCS#12
|
|
|
|
format is not very secure and this command is only provided if there is
|
|
|
|
no other way to exchange the private key. (@pxref{option --p12-charset})
|
2004-02-19 17:26:32 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2005-02-22 19:08:28 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --import [@var{files}]
|
|
|
|
@opindex import
|
|
|
|
Import the certificates from the PEM or binary encoded files as well as
|
|
|
|
from signed-only messages. This command may also be used to import a
|
|
|
|
secret key from a PKCS#12 file.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --learn-card
|
|
|
|
@opindex learn-card
|
|
|
|
Read information about the private keys from the smartcard and import
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
the certificates from there. This command utilizes the @command{gpg-agent}
|
|
|
|
and in turn the @command{scdaemon}.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --passwd @var{user_id}
|
|
|
|
@opindex passwd
|
|
|
|
Change the passphrase of the private key belonging to the certificate
|
|
|
|
specified as @var{user_id}. Note, that changing the passphrase/PIN of a
|
|
|
|
smartcard is not yet supported.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** OPTIONS ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@mansect options
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node GPGSM Options
|
|
|
|
@section Option Summary
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{GPGSM} comes features a bunch ofoptions to control the exact behaviour
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
and to change the default configuration.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
|
|
* Configuration Options:: How to change the configuration.
|
|
|
|
* Certificate Options:: Certificate related options.
|
|
|
|
* Input and Output:: Input and Output.
|
|
|
|
* CMS Options:: How to change how the CMS is created.
|
|
|
|
* Esoteric Options:: Doing things one usually don't want to do.
|
|
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ******** CONFIGURATION OPTIONS **********
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Configuration Options
|
|
|
|
@subsection How to change the configuration
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These options are used to change the configuraton and are usually found
|
|
|
|
in the option file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --options @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@opindex options
|
|
|
|
Reads configuration from @var{file} instead of from the default
|
2004-02-04 20:13:16 +01:00
|
|
|
per-user configuration file. The default configuration file is named
|
|
|
|
@file{gpgsm.conf} and expected in the @file{.gnupg} directory directly
|
|
|
|
below the home directory of the user.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2006-08-18 15:05:39 +02:00
|
|
|
@include opt-homedir.texi
|
2004-12-20 17:17:25 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item -v
|
|
|
|
@item --verbose
|
|
|
|
@opindex v
|
|
|
|
@opindex verbose
|
|
|
|
Outputs additional information while running.
|
|
|
|
You can increase the verbosity by giving several
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
verbose commands to @command{gpgsm}, such as @samp{-vv}.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --policy-file @var{filename}
|
|
|
|
@opindex policy-file
|
|
|
|
Change the default name of the policy file to @var{filename}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --agent-program @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@opindex agent-program
|
|
|
|
Specify an agent program to be used for secret key operations. The
|
|
|
|
default value is the @file{/usr/local/bin/gpg-agent}. This is only used
|
|
|
|
as a fallback when the envrionment variable @code{GPG_AGENT_INFO} is not
|
|
|
|
set or a running agent can't be connected.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --dirmngr-program @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@opindex dirmnr-program
|
|
|
|
Specify a dirmngr program to be used for @acronym{CRL} checks. The
|
|
|
|
default value is @file{/usr/sbin/dirmngr}. This is only used as a
|
|
|
|
fallback when the environment variable @code{DIRMNGR_INFO} is not set or
|
|
|
|
a running dirmngr can't be connected.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-11-23 18:09:51 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --prefer-system-dirmngr
|
|
|
|
@opindex prefer-system-dirmngr
|
|
|
|
If a system wide @command{dirmngr} is running in daemon mode, first try
|
|
|
|
to connect to this one. Fallback to a pipe based server if this does
|
2007-08-14 18:50:27 +02:00
|
|
|
not work. Under Windows this option is ignored because the system dirmngr is
|
|
|
|
always used.
|
2004-11-23 18:09:51 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --no-secmem-warning
|
|
|
|
@opindex no-secmem-warning
|
|
|
|
Don't print a warning when the so called "secure memory" can't be used.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-29 18:16:47 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --log-file @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@opindex log-file
|
|
|
|
When running in server mode, append all logging output to @var{file}.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ******** CERTIFICATE OPTIONS ************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Certificate Options
|
|
|
|
@subsection Certificate related options
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --enable-policy-checks
|
|
|
|
@itemx --disable-policy-checks
|
|
|
|
@opindex enable-policy-checks
|
|
|
|
@opindex disable-policy-checks
|
|
|
|
By default policy checks are enabled. These options may be used to
|
|
|
|
change it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --enable-crl-checks
|
|
|
|
@itemx --disable-crl-checks
|
|
|
|
@opindex enable-crl-checks
|
|
|
|
@opindex disable-crl-checks
|
|
|
|
By default the @acronym{CRL} checks are enabled and the DirMngr is used
|
|
|
|
to check for revoked certificates. The disable option is most useful
|
|
|
|
with an off-line network connection to suppress this check.
|
|
|
|
|
2005-04-21 11:33:07 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --enable-trusted-cert-crl-check
|
|
|
|
@itemx --disable-trusted-cert-crl-check
|
|
|
|
@opindex enable-trusted-cert-crl-check
|
|
|
|
@opindex disable-trusted-cert-crl-check
|
|
|
|
By default the @acronym{CRL} for trusted root certificates are checked
|
|
|
|
like for any other certificates. This allows a CA to revoke its own
|
|
|
|
certificates voluntary without the need of putting all ever issued
|
|
|
|
certificates into a CRL. The disable option may be used to switch this
|
|
|
|
extra check off. Due to the caching done by the Dirmngr, there won't be
|
|
|
|
any noticeable performance gain. Note, that this also disables possible
|
2006-09-26 16:35:24 +02:00
|
|
|
OCSP checks for trusted root certificates. A more specific way of
|
|
|
|
disabling this check is by adding the ``relax'' keyword to the root CA
|
|
|
|
line of the @file{trustlist.txt}
|
|
|
|
|
2005-04-21 11:33:07 +02:00
|
|
|
|
2004-04-07 20:02:56 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --force-crl-refresh
|
|
|
|
@opindex force-crl-refresh
|
|
|
|
Tell the dirmngr to reload the CRL for each request. For better
|
|
|
|
performance, the dirmngr will actually optimize this by suppressing
|
|
|
|
the loading for short time intervalls (e.g. 30 minutes). This option
|
|
|
|
is useful to make sure that a fresh CRL is available for certificates
|
|
|
|
hold in the keybox. The suggested way of doing this is by using it
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
along with the option @option{--with-validation} for a key listing
|
2004-04-07 20:02:56 +02:00
|
|
|
command. This option should not be used in a configuration file.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-12-01 11:53:40 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --enable-ocsp
|
|
|
|
@itemx --disable-ocsp
|
|
|
|
@opindex enable-ocsp
|
|
|
|
@opindex disable-ocsp
|
2007-11-19 17:32:05 +01:00
|
|
|
Be default @acronym{OCSP} checks are disabled. The enable option may
|
2003-12-01 11:53:40 +01:00
|
|
|
be used to enable OCSP checks via Dirmngr. If @acronym{CRL} checks
|
2004-06-29 09:16:40 +02:00
|
|
|
are also enabled, CRLs will be used as a fallback if for some reason an
|
|
|
|
OCSP request won't succeed. Note, that you have to allow OCSP
|
|
|
|
requests in Dirmngr's configuration too (option
|
|
|
|
@option{--allow-ocsp} and configure dirmngr properly. If you don't do
|
|
|
|
so you will get the error code @samp{Not supported}.
|
2003-12-01 11:53:40 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2007-11-19 17:32:05 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --auto-issuer-key-retrieve
|
|
|
|
@opindex auto-issuer-key-retrieve
|
|
|
|
If a required certificate is missing while validating the chain of
|
|
|
|
certificates, try to load that certificate from an external location.
|
|
|
|
This usually means that Dirmngr is employed t search for the
|
|
|
|
certificate. Note that this option makes a "web bug" like behavior
|
|
|
|
possible. LDAP server operators can see which keys you request, so by
|
|
|
|
sending you a message signed by a brand new key (which you naturally
|
|
|
|
will not have on your local keybox), the operator can tell both your IP
|
|
|
|
address and the time when you verified the signature.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-08-10 18:52:05 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --validation-model @var{name}
|
|
|
|
@opindex validation-model
|
|
|
|
This option changes the default validation model. The only possible
|
|
|
|
values are "shell" (which is the default) and "chain" which forces the
|
|
|
|
use of the chain model. The chain model is also used if an option in
|
|
|
|
the @file{trustlist.txt} or an attribute of the certificate requests it.
|
|
|
|
However the standard model (shell) is in that case always tried first.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *********** INPUT AND OUTPUT ************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Input and Output
|
|
|
|
@subsection Input and Output
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
@item --armor
|
|
|
|
@itemx -a
|
|
|
|
@opindex armor
|
|
|
|
@opindex -a
|
|
|
|
Create PEM encoded output. Default is binary output.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --base64
|
|
|
|
@opindex base64
|
|
|
|
Create Base-64 encoded output; i.e. PEM without the header lines.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --assume-armor
|
|
|
|
@opindex assume-armor
|
|
|
|
Assume the input data is PEM encoded. Default is to autodetect the
|
|
|
|
encoding but this is may fail.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --assume-base64
|
|
|
|
@opindex assume-base64
|
|
|
|
Assume the input data is plain base-64 encoded.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --assume-binary
|
|
|
|
@opindex assume-binary
|
|
|
|
Assume the input data is binary encoded.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-03-20 11:00:55 +01:00
|
|
|
@anchor{option --p12-charset}
|
|
|
|
@item --p12-charset @var{name}
|
|
|
|
@opindex p12-charset
|
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} uses the UTF-8 encoding when encoding passphrases for
|
|
|
|
PKCS#12 files. This option may be used to force the passphrase to be
|
|
|
|
encoded in the specified encoding @var{name}. This is useful if the
|
|
|
|
application used to import the key uses a different encoding and thus
|
|
|
|
won't be able to import a file generated by @command{gpgsm}. Commonly
|
|
|
|
used values for @var{name} are @code{Latin1} and @code{CP850}. Note
|
|
|
|
that @command{gpgsm} itself automagically imports any file with a
|
|
|
|
passphrase encoded to the most commonly used encodings.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007-07-17 20:11:24 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --default-key @var{user_id}
|
|
|
|
@opindex default-key
|
|
|
|
Use @var{user_id} as the standard key for signing. This key is used if
|
|
|
|
no other key has been defined as a signing key. Note, that the first
|
|
|
|
@option{--local-users} option also sets this key if it has not yet been
|
|
|
|
set; however @option{--default-key} always overrides this.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --local-user @var{user_id}
|
|
|
|
@item -u @var{user_id}
|
|
|
|
@opindex local-user
|
|
|
|
@opindex -u
|
|
|
|
Set the user(s) to be used for signing. The default is the first
|
|
|
|
secret key found in the database.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --recipient @var{name}
|
|
|
|
@itemx -r
|
|
|
|
@opindex recipient
|
|
|
|
Encrypt to the user id @var{name}. There are several ways a user id
|
|
|
|
may be given (@pxref{how-to-specify-a-user-id}).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-29 18:18:30 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --output @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@itemx -o @var{file}
|
|
|
|
@opindex output
|
|
|
|
Write output to @var{file}. The default is to write it to stdout.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --with-key-data
|
|
|
|
@opindex with-key-data
|
|
|
|
Displays extra information with the @code{--list-keys} commands. Especially
|
|
|
|
a line tagged @code{grp} is printed which tells you the keygrip of a
|
2004-02-04 20:13:16 +01:00
|
|
|
key. This string is for example used as the file name of the
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
secret key.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-02-17 16:04:49 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --with-validation
|
|
|
|
@opindex with-validation
|
|
|
|
When doing a key listing, do a full validation check for each key and
|
|
|
|
print the result. This is usually a slow operation because it
|
2004-08-17 17:26:22 +02:00
|
|
|
requires a CRL lookup and other operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When used along with --import, a validation of the certificate to
|
|
|
|
import is done and only imported if it succeeds the test. Note that
|
|
|
|
this does not affect an already available cwertificate in the DB.
|
|
|
|
This option is therefore useful to simply verify a certificate.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-02-17 16:04:49 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --with-md5-fingerprint
|
|
|
|
For standard key listings, also print the MD5 fingerprint of the
|
|
|
|
certificate.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ************* CMS OPTIONS ***************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node CMS Options
|
|
|
|
@subsection How to change how the CMS is created.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
@item --include-certs @var{n}
|
2006-10-23 16:02:13 +02:00
|
|
|
@opindex include-certs
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
Using @var{n} of -2 includes all certificate except for the root cert,
|
|
|
|
-1 includes all certs, 0 does not include any certs, 1 includes only
|
|
|
|
the signers cert (this is the default) and all other positive
|
|
|
|
values include up to @var{n} certificates starting with the signer cert.
|
2006-10-23 16:02:13 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item --cipher-algo @var{oid}
|
|
|
|
@opindex cipher-algo
|
|
|
|
Use the cipher algorithm with the ASN.1 object identifier @var{oid} for
|
|
|
|
encryption. For convenience the strings @code{3DES}, @code{AES} and
|
|
|
|
@code{AES256} may be used instead of their OIDs. The default is
|
|
|
|
@code{3DES} (1.2.840.113549.3.7).
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c ******** ESOTERIC OPTIONS ***************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Esoteric Options
|
2004-08-06 18:14:10 +02:00
|
|
|
@subsection Doing things one usually don't want to do.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @gnupgtabopt
|
|
|
|
|
2007-12-13 16:45:40 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --extra-digest-algo @var{name}
|
|
|
|
@opindex extra-digest-algo
|
|
|
|
Sometimes signatures are broken in that they announce a different digest
|
|
|
|
algorithm than actually used. @command{gpgsm} uses a one-pass data
|
|
|
|
processing model and thus needs to rely on the announcde digest
|
|
|
|
algorithms to properly hash the data. As a workaround this option may
|
|
|
|
be used to tell gpg to also hash the data using the algorithm
|
|
|
|
@var{name}; this slows processing down a little bit but allows to verify
|
|
|
|
such broken signatures. If @command{gpgsm} prints an error like
|
|
|
|
``digest algo 8 has not been enabled'' you may want to try this option,
|
|
|
|
with @samp{SHA256} for @var{name}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --faked-system-time @var{epoch}
|
|
|
|
@opindex faked-system-time
|
|
|
|
This option is only useful for testing; it sets the system time back or
|
|
|
|
forth to @var{epoch} which is the number of seconds elapsed since the year
|
2007-08-10 18:52:05 +02:00
|
|
|
1970. Alternativly @var{epoch} may be given as a full ISO time string
|
|
|
|
(e.g. "20070924T154812").
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2004-08-06 18:14:10 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --with-ephemeral-keys
|
|
|
|
@opindex with-ephemeral-keys
|
|
|
|
Include ephemeral flagged keys in the output of key listings.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-02-18 17:58:29 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --debug-level @var{level}
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug-level
|
|
|
|
Select the debug level for investigating problems. @var{level} may be
|
|
|
|
one of:
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item none
|
|
|
|
no debugging at all.
|
|
|
|
@item basic
|
|
|
|
some basic debug messages
|
|
|
|
@item advanced
|
|
|
|
more verbose debug messages
|
|
|
|
@item expert
|
|
|
|
even more detailed messages
|
|
|
|
@item guru
|
|
|
|
all of the debug messages you can get
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
2004-02-18 17:58:29 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
How these messages are mapped to the actual debugging flags is not
|
|
|
|
specified and may change with newer releaes of this program. They are
|
|
|
|
however carefully selected to best aid in debugging.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --debug @var{flags}
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug
|
2004-02-18 17:58:29 +01:00
|
|
|
This option is only useful for debugging and the behaviour may change
|
|
|
|
at any time without notice; using @code{--debug-levels} is the
|
|
|
|
preferred method to select the debug verbosity. FLAGS are bit encoded
|
|
|
|
and may be given in usual C-Syntax. The currently defined bits are:
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item 0 (1)
|
|
|
|
X.509 or OpenPGP protocol related data
|
|
|
|
@item 1 (2)
|
|
|
|
values of big number integers
|
|
|
|
@item 2 (4)
|
|
|
|
low level crypto operations
|
|
|
|
@item 5 (32)
|
|
|
|
memory allocation
|
|
|
|
@item 6 (64)
|
|
|
|
caching
|
|
|
|
@item 7 (128)
|
|
|
|
show memory statistics.
|
|
|
|
@item 9 (512)
|
|
|
|
write hashed data to files named @code{dbgmd-000*}
|
|
|
|
@item 10 (1024)
|
|
|
|
trace Assuan protocol
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2004-02-18 17:58:29 +01:00
|
|
|
Note, that all flags set using this option may get overriden by
|
|
|
|
@code{--debug-level}.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --debug-all
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug-all
|
|
|
|
Same as @code{--debug=0xffffffff}
|
|
|
|
|
2004-05-11 11:54:52 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --debug-allow-core-dump
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug-allow-core-dump
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
Usually @command{gpgsm} tries to avoid dumping core by well written code and by
|
2004-05-11 11:54:52 +02:00
|
|
|
disabling core dumps for security reasons. However, bugs are pretty
|
|
|
|
durable beasts and to squash them it is sometimes useful to have a core
|
|
|
|
dump. This option enables core dumps unless the Bad Thing happened
|
|
|
|
before the option parsing.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-02-04 20:13:16 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --debug-no-chain-validation
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug-no-chain-validation
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
This is actually not a debugging option but only useful as such. It
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
lets @command{gpgsm} bypass all certificate chain validation checks.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2004-02-20 14:46:21 +01:00
|
|
|
@item --debug-ignore-expiration
|
|
|
|
@opindex debug-ignore-expiration
|
|
|
|
This is actually not a debugging option but only useful as such. It
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
lets @command{gpgsm} ignore all notAfter dates, this is used by the regresssion
|
2004-02-20 14:46:21 +01:00
|
|
|
tests.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-08-17 17:26:22 +02:00
|
|
|
@item --fixed-passphrase @var{string}
|
|
|
|
@opindex fixed-passphrase
|
|
|
|
Supply the passphrase @var{string} to the gpg-protect-tool. This
|
|
|
|
option is only useful for the regression tests included with this
|
|
|
|
package and may be revised or removed at any time without notice.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All the long options may also be given in the configuration file after
|
|
|
|
stripping off the two leading dashes.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-08 19:02:06 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** USER ID ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@mansect how to specify a user id
|
|
|
|
@ifset isman
|
|
|
|
@include specify-user-id.texi
|
|
|
|
@end ifset
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** FILES ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@mansect files
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
@node GPGSM Configuration
|
|
|
|
@section Configuration files
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
There are a few configuration files to control certain aspects of
|
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm}'s operation. Unless noted, they are expected in the
|
|
|
|
current home directory (@pxref{option --homedir}).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @file
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item gpgsm.conf
|
|
|
|
@cindex gpgsm.conf
|
|
|
|
This is the standard configuration file read by @command{gpgsm} on
|
|
|
|
startup. It may contain any valid long option; the leading two dashes
|
|
|
|
may not be entered and the option may not be abbreviated. This default
|
|
|
|
name may be changed on the command line (@pxref{option
|
|
|
|
--options}).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item policies.txt
|
|
|
|
@cindex policies.txt
|
|
|
|
This is a list of allowed CA policies. This file should list the
|
|
|
|
object identifiers of the policies line by line. Empty lines and
|
|
|
|
lines starting with a hash mark are ignored. Policies missing in this
|
|
|
|
file and not marked as critical in the certificate will print only a
|
|
|
|
warning; certificates with policies marked as critical and not listed
|
|
|
|
in this file will fail the signature verification.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For example, to allow only the policy 2.289.9.9, the file should look
|
|
|
|
like this:
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c man:.RS
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
# Allowed policies
|
|
|
|
2.289.9.9
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c man:.RE
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item qualified.txt
|
|
|
|
@cindex qualified.txt
|
|
|
|
This is the list of root certificates used for qualified certificates.
|
|
|
|
They are defined as certificates capable of creating legally binding
|
|
|
|
signatures in the same way as handwritten signatures are. Comments
|
|
|
|
start with a hash mark and empty lines are ignored. Lines do have a
|
|
|
|
length limit but this is not a serious limitation as the format of the
|
|
|
|
entries is fixed and checked by gpgsm: A non-comment line starts with
|
|
|
|
optional white spaces, followed by exactly 40 hex character, white space
|
|
|
|
and a lowercased 2 letter country code. Additional data delimited with
|
|
|
|
by a white space is current ignored but might late be used for other
|
|
|
|
purposes.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that even if a certificate is listed in this file, this does not
|
2007-12-06 20:02:42 +01:00
|
|
|
mean that the certificate is trusted; in general the certificates listed
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
in this file need to be listed also in @file{trustlist.txt}.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is a global file an installed in the data directory
|
|
|
|
(e.g. @file{/usr/share/gnupg/qualified.txt}). GnuPG installs a suitable
|
|
|
|
file with root certificates as used in Germany. As new Root-CA
|
|
|
|
certificates may be issued over time, these entries may need to be
|
|
|
|
updated; new distributions of this software should come with an updated
|
|
|
|
list but it is still the responsibility of the Administrator to check
|
|
|
|
that this list is correct.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Everytime @command{gpgsm} uses a certificate for signing or verification
|
|
|
|
this file will be consulted to check whether the certificate under
|
|
|
|
question has ultimately been issued by one of these CAs. If this is the
|
|
|
|
case the user will be informed that the verified signature represents a
|
|
|
|
legally binding (``qualified'') signature. When creating a signature
|
|
|
|
using such a certificate an extra prompt will be issued to let the user
|
|
|
|
confirm that such a legally binding signature shall really be created.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Because this software has not yet been approved for use with such
|
|
|
|
certificates, appropriate notices will be shown to indicate this fact.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-12-06 20:02:42 +01:00
|
|
|
@item help.txt
|
|
|
|
@cindex help.txt
|
|
|
|
This is plain text file with a few help entries used with
|
|
|
|
@command{pinentry} as well as a large list of help items for
|
|
|
|
@command{gpg} and @command{gpgsm}. The standard file has English help
|
|
|
|
texts; to install localized versions use filenames like @file{help.LL.txt}
|
|
|
|
with LL denoting the locale. GnuPG comes with a set of predefined help
|
|
|
|
files in the data directory (e.g. @file{/usr/share/gnupg/help.de.txt})
|
|
|
|
and allows overriding of any help item by help files stored in the
|
|
|
|
system configuration directory (e.g. @file{/etc/gnupg/help.de.txt}).
|
|
|
|
For a reference of the help file's syntax, please see the installed
|
|
|
|
@file{help.txt} file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c man:.RE
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
Note that on larger installations, it is useful to put predefined files
|
|
|
|
into the directory @file{/etc/skel/.gnupg/} so that newly created users
|
|
|
|
start up with a working configuration. For existing users the a small
|
|
|
|
helper script is provided to create these files (@pxref{addgnupghome}).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For internal purposes gpgsm creates and maintaines a few other files;
|
|
|
|
They all live in in the current home directory (@pxref{option
|
|
|
|
--homedir}). Only @command{gpgsm} may modify these files.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
@table @file
|
|
|
|
@item pubring.kbx
|
|
|
|
@cindex pubring.kbx
|
|
|
|
This a database file storing the certificates as well as meta
|
|
|
|
information. For debugging purposes the tool @command{kbxutil} may be
|
|
|
|
used to show the internal structure of this file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item random_seed
|
|
|
|
@cindex random_seed
|
|
|
|
This content of this file is used to maintain the internal state of the
|
|
|
|
random number generator accross invocations. The same file is used by
|
|
|
|
other programs of this software too.
|
|
|
|
|
2007-06-14 19:05:07 +02:00
|
|
|
@item S.gpg-agent
|
|
|
|
@cindex S.gpg-agent
|
|
|
|
If this file exists and the environment variable @env{GPG_AGENT_INFO} is
|
|
|
|
not set, @command{gpgsm} will first try to connect to this socket for
|
|
|
|
accessing @command{gpg-agent} before starting a new @command{gpg-agent}
|
|
|
|
instance. Under Windows this socket (which in reality be a plain file
|
|
|
|
describing a regular TCP litening port) is the standard way of
|
|
|
|
connecting the @command{gpg-agent}.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-02-14 14:34:23 +01:00
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** EXAMPLES ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@mansect examples
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node GPGSM Examples
|
|
|
|
@section Examples
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
$ gpgsm -er goo@@bar.net <plaintext >ciphertext
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c man end
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** **************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** UNATTENDED **************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** **************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node Unattended Usage
|
|
|
|
@section Unattended Usage
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} is often used as a backend engine by other software. To help
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
with this a machine interface has been defined to have an unambiguous
|
|
|
|
way to do this. This is most likely used with the @code{--server} command
|
|
|
|
but may also be used in the standard operation mode by using the
|
|
|
|
@code{--status-fd} option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
|
|
* Automated signature checking:: Automated signature checking.
|
|
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node Automated signature checking,,,Unattended Usage
|
|
|
|
@section Automated signature checking
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It is very important to understand the semantics used with signature
|
|
|
|
verification. Checking a signature is not as simple as it may sound and
|
|
|
|
so the ooperation si a bit complicated. In mosted cases it is required
|
|
|
|
to look at several status lines. Here is a table of all cases a signed
|
|
|
|
message may have:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
|
|
@item The signature is valid
|
|
|
|
This does mean that the signature has been successfully verified, the
|
|
|
|
certificates are all sane. However there are two subcases with
|
|
|
|
important information: One of the certificates may have expired or a
|
|
|
|
signature of a message itself as expired. It is a sound practise to
|
|
|
|
consider such a signature still as valid but additional information
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
should be displayed. Depending on the subcase @command{gpgsm} will issue
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
these status codes:
|
|
|
|
@table @asis
|
|
|
|
@item signature valid and nothing did expire
|
|
|
|
@code{GOODSIG}, @code{VALIDSIG}, @code{TRUST_FULLY}
|
|
|
|
@item signature valid but at least one certificate has expired
|
|
|
|
@code{EXPKEYSIG}, @code{VALIDSIG}, @code{TRUST_FULLY}
|
|
|
|
@item signature valid but expired
|
|
|
|
@code{EXPSIG}, @code{VALIDSIG}, @code{TRUST_FULLY}
|
|
|
|
Note, that this case is currently not implemented.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item The signature is invalid
|
|
|
|
This means that the signature verification failed (this is an indication
|
|
|
|
of af a transfer error, a programm error or tampering with the message).
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} issues one of these status codes sequences:
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item @code{BADSIG}
|
|
|
|
@item @code{GOODSIG}, @code{VALIDSIG} @code{TRUST_NEVER}
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@item Error verifying a signature
|
|
|
|
For some reason the signature could not be verified, i.e. it can't be
|
|
|
|
decided whether the signature is valid or invalid. A common reason for
|
|
|
|
this is a missing certificate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006-08-17 20:01:25 +02:00
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** *****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** ASSSUAN *****************
|
|
|
|
@c *************** *****************
|
|
|
|
@c *******************************************
|
2006-09-04 16:53:20 +02:00
|
|
|
@manpause
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@node GPGSM Protocol
|
|
|
|
@section The Protocol the Server Mode Uses.
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
Description of the protocol used to access @command{GPGSM}.
|
|
|
|
@command{GPGSM} does implement the Assuan protocol and in addition
|
|
|
|
provides a regular command line interface which exhibits a full client
|
|
|
|
to this protocol (but uses internal linking). To start
|
|
|
|
@command{gpgsm} as a server the command line the option
|
|
|
|
@code{--server} must be used. Additional options are provided to
|
|
|
|
select the communication method (i.e. the name of the socket).
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We assume that the connection has already been established; see the
|
|
|
|
Assuan manual for details.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@menu
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM ENCRYPT:: Encrypting a message.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM DECRYPT:: Decrypting a message.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM SIGN:: Signing a message.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM VERIFY:: Verifying a message.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM GENKEY:: Generating a key.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM LISTKEYS:: List available keys.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM EXPORT:: Export certificates.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM IMPORT:: Import certificates.
|
|
|
|
* GPGSM DELETE:: Delete certificates.
|
|
|
|
@end menu
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM ENCRYPT
|
|
|
|
@subsection Encrypting a Message
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before encrytion can be done the recipient must be set using the
|
|
|
|
command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
RECIPIENT @var{userID}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Set the recipient for the encryption. @var{userID} should be the
|
|
|
|
internal representation of the key; the server may accept any other way
|
|
|
|
of specification. If this is a valid and trusted recipient the server
|
|
|
|
does respond with OK, otherwise the return is an ERR with the reason why
|
|
|
|
the recipient can't be used, the encryption will then not be done for
|
|
|
|
this recipient. If the policy is not to encrypt at all if not all
|
|
|
|
recipients are valid, the client has to take care of this. All
|
|
|
|
@code{RECIPIENT} commands are cumulative until a @code{RESET} or an
|
|
|
|
successful @code{ENCRYPT} command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
2006-09-18 15:23:18 +02:00
|
|
|
INPUT FD[=@var{n}] [--armor|--base64|--binary]
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Set the file descriptor for the message to be encrypted to @var{n}.
|
|
|
|
Obviously the pipe must be open at that point, the server establishes
|
|
|
|
its own end. If the server returns an error the client should consider
|
2006-09-18 15:23:18 +02:00
|
|
|
this session failed. If @var{n} is not given, this commands uses the
|
|
|
|
last file descriptor passed to the application.
|
|
|
|
@xref{fun-assuan_sendfd, ,the assuan_sendfd function,assuan,the Libassuan
|
|
|
|
manual}, on how to do descriptor passing.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The @code{--armor} option may be used to advice the server that the
|
|
|
|
input data is in @acronym{PEM} format, @code{--base64} advices that a
|
|
|
|
raw base-64 encoding is used, @code{--binary} advices of raw binary
|
|
|
|
input (@acronym{BER}). If none of these options is used, the server
|
|
|
|
tries to figure out the used encoding, but this may not always be
|
|
|
|
correct.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
2006-09-18 15:23:18 +02:00
|
|
|
OUTPUT FD[=@var{n}] [--armor|--base64]
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Set the file descriptor to be used for the output (i.e. the encrypted
|
|
|
|
message). Obviously the pipe must be open at that point, the server
|
|
|
|
establishes its own end. If the server returns an error he client
|
|
|
|
should consider this session failed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The option armor encodes the output in @acronym{PEM} format, the
|
|
|
|
@code{--base64} option applies just a base 64 encoding. No option
|
|
|
|
creates binary output (@acronym{BER}).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The actual encryption is done using the command
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
ENCRYPT
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It takes the plaintext from the @code{INPUT} command, writes to the
|
|
|
|
ciphertext to the file descriptor set with the @code{OUTPUT} command,
|
|
|
|
take the recipients from all the recipients set so far. If this command
|
|
|
|
fails the clients should try to delete all output currently done or
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
otherwise mark it as invalid. @command{GPGSM} does ensure that there won't be any
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
security problem with leftover data on the output in this case.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This command should in general not fail, as all necessary checks have
|
|
|
|
been done while setting the recipients. The input and output pipes are
|
|
|
|
closed.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM DECRYPT
|
|
|
|
@subsection Decrypting a message
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Input and output FDs are set the same way as in encryption, but
|
|
|
|
@code{INPUT} refers to the ciphertext and output to the plaintext. There
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
is no need to set recipients. @command{GPGSM} automatically strips any
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@acronym{S/MIME} headers from the input, so it is valid to pass an
|
|
|
|
entire MIME part to the INPUT pipe.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The encryption is done by using the command
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
DECRYPT
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It performs the decrypt operation after doing some check on the internal
|
|
|
|
state. (e.g. that all needed data has been set). Because it utilizes
|
|
|
|
the GPG-Agent for the session key decryption, there is no need to ask
|
|
|
|
the client for a protecting passphrase - GpgAgent takes care of this by
|
|
|
|
requesting this from the user.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM SIGN
|
|
|
|
@subsection Signing a Message
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Signing is usually done with these commands:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
2006-09-18 15:23:18 +02:00
|
|
|
INPUT FD[=@var{n}] [--armor|--base64|--binary]
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
This tells @command{GPGSM} to read the data to sign from file descriptor @var{n}.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
2006-09-18 15:23:18 +02:00
|
|
|
OUTPUT FD[=@var{m}] [--armor|--base64]
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Write the output to file descriptor @var{m}. If a detached signature is
|
|
|
|
requested, only the signature is written.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
SIGN [--detached]
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sign the data set with the INPUT command and write it to the sink set by
|
|
|
|
OUTPUT. With @code{--detached}, a detached signature is created
|
|
|
|
(surprise).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The key used for signining is the default one or the one specified in
|
|
|
|
the configuration file. To get finer control over the keys, it is
|
|
|
|
possible to use the command
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
SIGNER @var{userID}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to the signer's key. @var{userID} should be the
|
|
|
|
internal representation of the key; the server may accept any other way
|
|
|
|
of specification. If this is a valid and trusted recipient the server
|
|
|
|
does respond with OK, otherwise the return is an ERR with the reason why
|
|
|
|
the key can't be used, the signature will then not be created using
|
|
|
|
this key. If the policy is not to sign at all if not all
|
|
|
|
keys are valid, the client has to take care of this. All
|
|
|
|
@code{SIGNER} commands are cumulative until a @code{RESET} is done.
|
|
|
|
Note that a @code{SIGN} does not reset this list of signers which is in
|
|
|
|
contrats to the @code{RECIPIENT} command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM VERIFY
|
|
|
|
@subsection Verifying a Message
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To verify a mesage the command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
VERIFY
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used. It does a verify operation on the message send to the input FD.
|
|
|
|
The result is written out using status lines. If an output FD was
|
|
|
|
given, the signed text will be written to that. If the signature is a
|
|
|
|
detached one, the server will inquire about the signed material and the
|
|
|
|
client must provide it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM GENKEY
|
|
|
|
@subsection Generating a Key
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is used to generate a new keypair, store the secret part in the
|
|
|
|
@acronym{PSE} and the public key in the key database. We will probably
|
|
|
|
add optional commands to allow the client to select whether a hardware
|
2005-07-25 16:35:04 +02:00
|
|
|
token is used to store the key. Configuration options to
|
|
|
|
@command{GPGSM} can be used to restrict the use of this command.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
GENKEY
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
2004-09-30 10:38:32 +02:00
|
|
|
@command{GPGSM} checks whether this command is allowed and then does an
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
INQUIRY to get the key parameters, the client should then send the
|
|
|
|
key parameters in the native format:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
S: INQUIRE KEY_PARAM native
|
|
|
|
C: D foo:fgfgfg
|
|
|
|
C: D bar
|
|
|
|
C: END
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please note that the server may send Status info lines while reading the
|
|
|
|
data lines from the client. After this the key generation takes place
|
|
|
|
and the server eventually does send an ERR or OK response. Status lines
|
|
|
|
may be issued as a progress indicator.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM LISTKEYS
|
|
|
|
@subsection List available keys
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To list the keys in the internal database or using an external key
|
|
|
|
provider, the command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
LISTKEYS @var{pattern}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used. To allow multiple patterns (which are ORed during the search)
|
|
|
|
quoting is required: Spaces are to be translated into "+" or into "%20";
|
|
|
|
in turn this requires that the usual escape quoting rules are done.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
LISTSECRETKEYS @var{pattern}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lists only the keys where a secret key is available.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The list commands commands are affected by the option
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
OPTION list-mode=@var{mode}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
where mode may be:
|
|
|
|
@table @code
|
|
|
|
@item 0
|
|
|
|
Use default (which is usually the same as 1).
|
|
|
|
@item 1
|
|
|
|
List only the internal keys.
|
|
|
|
@item 2
|
|
|
|
List only the external keys.
|
|
|
|
@item 3
|
|
|
|
List internal and external keys.
|
|
|
|
@end table
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note that options are valid for the entire session.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM EXPORT
|
|
|
|
@subsection Export certificates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To export certificate from the internal key database the command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
2006-11-14 11:23:21 +01:00
|
|
|
EXPORT [--data [--armor] [--base64]] [--] @var{pattern}
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used. To allow multiple patterns (which are ORed) quoting is
|
|
|
|
required: Spaces are to be translated into "+" or into "%20"; in turn
|
|
|
|
this requires that the usual escape quoting rules are done.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-11-14 11:23:21 +01:00
|
|
|
If the @option{--data} option has not been given, the format of the
|
|
|
|
output depends on what was set with the OUTPUT command. When using
|
|
|
|
@acronym{PEM} encoding a few informational lines are prepended.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If the @option{--data} has been given, a target set via OUTPUT is
|
|
|
|
ignored and the data is returned inline using standard
|
|
|
|
@code{D}-lines. This avoids the need for an extra file descriptor. In
|
|
|
|
this case the options @option{--armor} and @option{--base64} may be used
|
|
|
|
in the same way as with the OUTPUT command.
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM IMPORT
|
|
|
|
@subsection Import certificates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To import certificates into the internal key database, the command
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
IMPORT
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used. The data is expected on the file descriptor set with the
|
2004-02-17 16:04:49 +01:00
|
|
|
@code{INPUT} command. Certain checks are performend on the
|
|
|
|
certificate. Note that the code will also handle PKCS\#12 files and
|
|
|
|
import private keys; a helper program is used for that.
|
|
|
|
|
2003-01-09 14:24:01 +01:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@node GPGSM DELETE
|
|
|
|
@subsection Delete certificates
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
To delete certificate the command
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@example
|
|
|
|
DELKEYS @var{pattern}
|
|
|
|
@end example
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
is used. To allow multiple patterns (which are ORed) quoting is
|
|
|
|
required: Spaces are to be translated into "+" or into "%20"; in turn
|
|
|
|
this requires that the usual escape quoting rules are done.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The certificates must be specified unambiguously otherwise an error is
|
|
|
|
returned.
|
|
|
|
|
2006-09-04 16:53:20 +02:00
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@mansect see also
|
|
|
|
@ifset isman
|
|
|
|
@command{gpg2}(1),
|
|
|
|
@command{gpg-agent}(1)
|
|
|
|
@end ifset
|
|
|
|
@include see-also-note.texi
|