5316: Fix the dumpless upgrade corruption r=dureuill a=irevoire
# Pull Request
## Related issue
Fixes https://github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch/issues/5280
## What does this PR do?
- Add a test that ensure we write the version in the index-scheduler even if we have a bug while writing the VERSION file
- Do what was described in the issue
Co-authored-by: Tamo <tamo@meilisearch.com>