Merge #5254

5254: Granular Filterable attribute settings r=ManyTheFish a=ManyTheFish

# Related
**Issue:** https://github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch/issues/5163
**PRD:** https://meilisearch.notion.site/API-usage-Settings-to-opt-out-indexing-features-filterableAttributes-1764b06b651f80aba8bdf359b2df3ca8

# Summary
Change the `filterableAttributes` settings to let the user choose which facet feature he wants to activate or not.
Deactivating a feature will avoid some database computation in the indexing process and save time and disk size.

# Example

`PATCH /indexes/:index_uid/settings`

```json
{
  "filterableAttributes": [
    {
      "patterns": [
        "cattos",
        "doggos.age"
      ],
      "features": {
        "facetSearch": false,
        "filter": {
          "equality": true,
          "comparison": false
        }
      }
    }
  ]
}
```

# Impact on the codebase
- Settings API:
  - `/settings`
  - `/settings/filterable-attributes`
  - OpenAPI 
  - may impact the LocalizedAttributesRules due to the AttributePatterns factorization
- Database:
  - Filterable attributes format changed
  - Faceted field_ids are no more stored in the database
  - FieldIdsMap has no more unexisting fields
- Search:
  - Search using filters
  - Facet search
  - `Attributes` ranking rule
  - Distinct attribute
  - Facet distribution
- Settings reindexing:
  - searchable
  - facet
  - vector
  - geo
- Document indexing:
  - searchable
  - facet
  - vector
  - geo
- Dump import

# Note for the reviewers
The changes are huge and have been split in different commits with a dedicated explanation, I suggest reviewing the commit 1by1

Co-authored-by: ManyTheFish <many@meilisearch.com>

crates/meilisearch/src/routes/indexes/settings.rs

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ make_setting_routes!(
     {
         route: "/filterable-attributes",
         update_verb: put,
-        value_type: std::collections::BTreeSet<String>,
+        value_type: Vec<meilisearch_types::milli::FilterableAttributesRule>,
         err_type: meilisearch_types::deserr::DeserrJsonError<
             meilisearch_types::error::deserr_codes::InvalidSettingsFilterableAttributes,
         >,

crates/meilisearch/src/routes/indexes/settings_analytics.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet, HashSet};
 use meilisearch_types::facet_values_sort::FacetValuesSort;
 use meilisearch_types::locales::{Locale, LocalizedAttributesRuleView};
 use meilisearch_types::milli::update::Setting;
+use meilisearch_types::milli::FilterableAttributesRule;
 use meilisearch_types::settings::{
     FacetingSettings, PaginationSettings, PrefixSearchSettings, ProximityPrecisionView,
     RankingRuleView, SettingEmbeddingSettings, TypoSettings,
@@ -89,6 +90,10 @@ impl Aggregate for SettingsAnalytics {
             filterable_attributes: FilterableAttributesAnalytics {
                 total: new.filterable_attributes.total.or(self.filterable_attributes.total),
                 has_geo: new.filterable_attributes.has_geo.or(self.filterable_attributes.has_geo),
+                has_patterns: new
+                    .filterable_attributes
+                    .has_patterns
+                    .or(self.filterable_attributes.has_patterns),
             },
             distinct_attribute: DistinctAttributeAnalytics {
                 set: self.distinct_attribute.set | new.distinct_attribute.set,
@@ -328,13 +333,19 @@ impl SortableAttributesAnalytics {
 pub struct FilterableAttributesAnalytics {
     pub total: Option<usize>,
     pub has_geo: Option<bool>,
+    pub has_patterns: Option<bool>,
 }
 
 impl FilterableAttributesAnalytics {
-    pub fn new(setting: Option<&BTreeSet<String>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(setting: Option<&Vec<FilterableAttributesRule>>) -> Self {
         Self {
             total: setting.as_ref().map(|filter| filter.len()),
-            has_geo: setting.as_ref().map(|filter| filter.contains("_geo")),
+            has_geo: setting
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|filter| filter.iter().any(FilterableAttributesRule::has_geo)),
+            has_patterns: setting.as_ref().map(|filter| {
+                filter.iter().any(|rule| matches!(rule, FilterableAttributesRule::Pattern(_)))
+            }),
         }
     }
 

crates/meilisearch/src/routes/mod.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,10 @@ use meilisearch_types::batches::BatchStats;
 use meilisearch_types::error::{Code, ErrorType, ResponseError};
 use meilisearch_types::index_uid::IndexUid;
 use meilisearch_types::keys::CreateApiKey;
+use meilisearch_types::milli::{
+    AttributePatterns, FilterFeatures, FilterableAttributesFeatures, FilterableAttributesPatterns,
+    FilterableAttributesRule,
+};
 use meilisearch_types::settings::{
     Checked, FacetingSettings, MinWordSizeTyposSetting, PaginationSettings, Settings, TypoSettings,
     Unchecked,
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@ pub mod tasks;
         url = "/",
         description = "Local server",
     )),
-    components(schemas(PaginationView<KeyView>, PaginationView<IndexView>, IndexView, DocumentDeletionByFilter, AllBatches, BatchStats, ProgressStepView, ProgressView, BatchView, RuntimeTogglableFeatures, SwapIndexesPayload, DocumentEditionByFunction, MergeFacets, FederationOptions, SearchQueryWithIndex, Federation, FederatedSearch, FederatedSearchResult, SearchResults, SearchResultWithIndex, SimilarQuery, SimilarResult, PaginationView<serde_json::Value>, BrowseQuery, UpdateIndexRequest, IndexUid, IndexCreateRequest, KeyView, Action, CreateApiKey, UpdateStderrLogs, LogMode, GetLogs, IndexStats, Stats, HealthStatus, HealthResponse, VersionResponse, Code, ErrorType, AllTasks, TaskView, Status, DetailsView, ResponseError, Settings<Unchecked>, Settings<Checked>, TypoSettings, MinWordSizeTyposSetting, FacetingSettings, PaginationSettings, SummarizedTaskView, Kind, Network, Remote))
+    components(schemas(PaginationView<KeyView>, PaginationView<IndexView>, IndexView, DocumentDeletionByFilter, AllBatches, BatchStats, ProgressStepView, ProgressView, BatchView, RuntimeTogglableFeatures, SwapIndexesPayload, DocumentEditionByFunction, MergeFacets, FederationOptions, SearchQueryWithIndex, Federation, FederatedSearch, FederatedSearchResult, SearchResults, SearchResultWithIndex, SimilarQuery, SimilarResult, PaginationView<serde_json::Value>, BrowseQuery, UpdateIndexRequest, IndexUid, IndexCreateRequest, KeyView, Action, CreateApiKey, UpdateStderrLogs, LogMode, GetLogs, IndexStats, Stats, HealthStatus, HealthResponse, VersionResponse, Code, ErrorType, AllTasks, TaskView, Status, DetailsView, ResponseError, Settings<Unchecked>, Settings<Checked>, TypoSettings, MinWordSizeTyposSetting, FacetingSettings, PaginationSettings, SummarizedTaskView, Kind, Network, Remote, FilterableAttributesRule, FilterableAttributesPatterns, AttributePatterns, FilterableAttributesFeatures, FilterFeatures))
 )]
 pub struct MeilisearchApi;
 

crates/meilisearch/src/search/mod.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use meilisearch_types::milli::score_details::{ScoreDetails, ScoringStrategy};
 use meilisearch_types::milli::vector::parsed_vectors::ExplicitVectors;
 use meilisearch_types::milli::vector::Embedder;
 use meilisearch_types::milli::{
-    FacetValueHit, InternalError, OrderBy, SearchForFacetValues, TimeBudget,
+    FacetValueHit, InternalError, OrderBy, PatternMatch, SearchForFacetValues, TimeBudget,
 };
 use meilisearch_types::settings::DEFAULT_PAGINATION_MAX_TOTAL_HITS;
 use meilisearch_types::{milli, Document};
@@ -1538,8 +1538,9 @@ pub fn perform_facet_search(
     // If the facet string is not localized, we **ignore** the locales provided by the user because the facet data has no locale.
     // If the user does not provide locales, we use the locales of the facet string.
     let localized_attributes = index.localized_attributes_rules(&rtxn)?.unwrap_or_default();
-    let localized_attributes_locales =
-        localized_attributes.into_iter().find(|attr| attr.match_str(&facet_name));
+    let localized_attributes_locales = localized_attributes
+        .into_iter()
+        .find(|attr| attr.match_str(&facet_name) == PatternMatch::Match);
     let locales = localized_attributes_locales.map(|attr| {
         attr.locales
             .into_iter()
@@ -1885,7 +1886,7 @@ fn format_fields(
             let locales = locales.or_else(|| {
                 localized_attributes
                     .iter()
-                    .find(|rule| rule.match_str(key))
+                    .find(|rule| rule.match_str(key) == PatternMatch::Match)
                     .map(LocalizedAttributesRule::locales)
             });