54 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
54 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
# Installing CMake
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{% hint style='tip' %}
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Your CMake version should be newer than your compiler. It should be newer than the libraries you are using (especially Boost). New versions work better for everyone.
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{% endhint %}
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If you have a built in copy of CMake, it isn't special or customized for your system. You can easily install a new one instead, either on the system level or the user level. Feel free to instruct your users here if they complain about a CMake requirement being set too high. Especially if they want < 3.1 support. Maybe even if they want CMake < 3.8 support...
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## Official package
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You can [download CMake from KitWare][cmake-download]. This is how you'll probably get CMake if you are on Windows. It's not a bad way to get it on macOS either, but using `brew install cmake` is much nicer if you use [Homebrew](https://brew.sh) (and you should).
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On Linux, there are binaries provided, but you'll need to pick an install location. If you already use `~/.local` for user-space packages, the following single line command will get CMake for you [^1]:
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{% term %}
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~ $ wget -qO- "https://cmake.org/files/v3.9/cmake-3.9.4-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz" | tar --strip-components=1 -xz -C ~/.local
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{% endterm %}
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If you just want a local folder with CMake only:
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{% term %}
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~ $ mkdir -p cmake39 && wget -qO- "https://cmake.org/files/v3.9/cmake-3.9.4-Linux-x86_64.tar.gz" | tar --strip-components=1 -xz -C cmake39
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~ $ export PATH=`pwd`/cmake39/bin:$PATH
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{% endterm %}
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You'll obviously want to append to the PATH every time you start a new terminal, or add it to your `.bashrc` or to an [LMod] system.
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And, if you want a system install, install to `/usr/local`. (I'm only brave enough to run this in Docker):
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You can also build CMake on any system, it's pretty easy, but binaries are faster.
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## Pip
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This is also provide as an official package, maintained by the authors of CMake at KitWare. It's a rather new method, and might fail on some systems (Alpine isn't supported last I checked, but that has CMake 3.8), but works really well when it works (like on Travis CI). If you have pip (Python's package installer), you can do:
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```bash
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pip install cmake
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```
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And as long as a binary exists for your system, you'll be up-and-running almost immediately. If a binary doesn't exist, it will try to use KitWare's `scikit-build` package to build, which currently can't be listed as a dependency in the packaging system, and might even require (an older) copy of CMake to build. So only use this system if binaries exist, which is most of the time.
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This has the benefit of respecting your current virtual environment, as well.
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{% hint style='info' %}
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Personally, on Linux, I put versions of CMake in folders, like `/opt/cmake39` or `~/opt/cmake39`, and then add them to [LMod]. See [`envmodule_setup`][envmodule_setup] for help setting up an LMod system on macOS or Linux. It's takes a bit to learn, but is a great way to manage package and compiler versions.
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{% endhint %}
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[^1]: If don't have a `.local` in your home directory, it's easy to start. Just make the folder, then add `export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"` to your `.bashrc` or `.bash_profile` or `.profile` file in your home directory. Now you can install any packages you build to `-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=~/.local` instead of `/usr/local`!
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[cmake-download]: https://cmake.org/download/
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[LMod]: http://lmod.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
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[envmodule_setup]: https://github.com/CLIUtils/envmodule_setup
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