diff --git a/meilisearch-types/src/error.rs b/meilisearch-types/src/error.rs
index 6d81ff241..886a0fe30 100644
--- a/meilisearch-types/src/error.rs
+++ b/meilisearch-types/src/error.rs
@@ -217,6 +217,7 @@ InvalidDocumentFields                 , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 MissingDocumentFilter                 , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 InvalidDocumentFilter                 , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 InvalidDocumentGeoField               , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
+InvalidVectorDimensions               , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 InvalidDocumentId                     , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 InvalidDocumentLimit                  , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
 InvalidDocumentOffset                 , InvalidRequest       , BAD_REQUEST ;
@@ -335,6 +336,7 @@ impl ErrorCode for milli::Error {
                     UserError::InvalidSortableAttribute { .. } => Code::InvalidSearchSort,
                     UserError::CriterionError(_) => Code::InvalidSettingsRankingRules,
                     UserError::InvalidGeoField { .. } => Code::InvalidDocumentGeoField,
+                    UserError::InvalidVectorDimensions { .. } => Code::InvalidVectorDimensions,
                     UserError::SortError(_) => Code::InvalidSearchSort,
                     UserError::InvalidMinTypoWordLenSetting(_, _) => {
                         Code::InvalidSettingsTypoTolerance
diff --git a/milli/src/error.rs b/milli/src/error.rs
index 8d55eabbd..a12334f90 100644
--- a/milli/src/error.rs
+++ b/milli/src/error.rs
@@ -110,9 +110,11 @@ only composed of alphanumeric characters (a-z A-Z 0-9), hyphens (-) and undersco
     },
     #[error(transparent)]
     InvalidGeoField(#[from] GeoError),
+    #[error("Invalid vector dimensions: expected: `{}`, found: `{}`.", .expected, .found)]
+    InvalidVectorDimensions { expected: usize, found: usize },
     #[error("{0}")]
     InvalidFilter(String),
-    #[error("Invalid type for filter subexpression: `expected {}, found: {1}`.", .0.join(", "))]
+    #[error("Invalid type for filter subexpression: expected: {}, found: {1}.", .0.join(", "))]
     InvalidFilterExpression(&'static [&'static str], Value),
     #[error("Attribute `{}` is not sortable. {}",
         .field,
diff --git a/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs b/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
index e136dc139..0e2e85c1c 100644
--- a/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
+++ b/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ use heed::types::ByteSlice;
 use heed::RwTxn;
 use hnsw::Searcher;
 use roaring::RoaringBitmap;
+use space::KnnPoints;
 
 use super::helpers::{
     self, merge_ignore_values, serialize_roaring_bitmap, valid_lmdb_key, CursorClonableMmap,
 };
 use super::{ClonableMmap, MergeFn};
+use crate::error::UserError;
 use crate::facet::FacetType;
 use crate::update::facet::FacetsUpdate;
 use crate::update::index_documents::helpers::as_cloneable_grenad;
@@ -228,12 +230,28 @@ pub(crate) fn write_typed_chunk_into_index(
             let mut hnsw = index.vector_hnsw(wtxn)?.unwrap_or_default();
             let mut searcher = Searcher::new();
 
+            let mut expected_dimensions = match index.vector_id_docid.iter(wtxn)?.next() {
+                Some(result) => {
+                    let (vector_id, _) = result?;
+                    Some(hnsw.get_point(vector_id.get() as usize).len())
+                }
+                None => None,
+            };
+
             let mut cursor = vector_points.into_cursor()?;
             while let Some((key, value)) = cursor.move_on_next()? {
                 // convert the key back to a u32 (4 bytes)
                 let docid = key.try_into().map(DocumentId::from_be_bytes).unwrap();
                 // convert the vector back to a Vec<f32>
                 let vector: Vec<f32> = pod_collect_to_vec(value);
+
+                // TODO Move this error in the vector extractor
+                let found = vector.len();
+                let expected = *expected_dimensions.get_or_insert(found);
+                if expected != found {
+                    return Err(UserError::InvalidVectorDimensions { expected, found })?;
+                }
+
                 let vector_id = hnsw.insert(vector, &mut searcher) as u32;
                 index.vector_id_docid.put(wtxn, &BEU32::new(vector_id), &BEU32::new(docid))?;
             }