diff --git a/milli/src/update/index_documents/mod.rs b/milli/src/update/index_documents/mod.rs
index 27021c3fb..d1fa28826 100644
--- a/milli/src/update/index_documents/mod.rs
+++ b/milli/src/update/index_documents/mod.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use crate::documents::{obkv_to_object, DocumentsBatchReader};
 use crate::error::{Error, InternalError, UserError};
 pub use crate::update::index_documents::helpers::CursorClonableMmap;
 use crate::update::{
-    self, DeletionStrategy, IndexerConfig, PrefixWordPairsProximityDocids, UpdateIndexingStep,
+    DeletionStrategy, IndexerConfig, PrefixWordPairsProximityDocids, UpdateIndexingStep,
     WordPrefixDocids, WordPrefixIntegerDocids, WordsPrefixesFst,
 };
 use crate::{CboRoaringBitmapCodec, Index, Result};
@@ -374,17 +374,6 @@ where
             drop(lmdb_writer_sx)
         });
 
-        // We delete the documents that this document addition replaces. This way we are
-        // able to simply insert all the documents even if they already exist in the database.
-        if !replaced_documents_ids.is_empty() {
-            let mut deletion_builder = update::DeleteDocuments::new(self.wtxn, self.index)?;
-            deletion_builder.strategy(self.config.deletion_strategy);
-            debug!("documents to delete {:?}", replaced_documents_ids);
-            deletion_builder.delete_documents(&replaced_documents_ids);
-            let deleted_documents_result = deletion_builder.execute_inner()?;
-            debug!("{} documents actually deleted", deleted_documents_result.deleted_documents);
-        }
-
         let index_documents_ids = self.index.documents_ids(self.wtxn)?;
         let index_is_empty = index_documents_ids.is_empty();
         let mut final_documents_ids = RoaringBitmap::new();
@@ -437,6 +426,7 @@ where
                 otherwise => otherwise,
             };
 
+            // FIXME: return newly added as well as newly deleted documents
             let (docids, is_merged_database) =
                 write_typed_chunk_into_index(typed_chunk, self.index, self.wtxn, index_is_empty)?;
             if !docids.is_empty() {
@@ -472,8 +462,9 @@ where
         let external_documents_ids = external_documents_ids.into_static();
         self.index.put_external_documents_ids(self.wtxn, &external_documents_ids)?;
 
+        // FIXME: remove `new_documents_ids` entirely and `replaced_documents_ids`
         let all_documents_ids = index_documents_ids | new_documents_ids;
-        self.index.put_documents_ids(self.wtxn, &all_documents_ids)?;
+        //self.index.put_documents_ids(self.wtxn, &all_documents_ids)?;
 
         // TODO: reactivate prefix DB with diff-indexing
         // self.execute_prefix_databases(
diff --git a/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs b/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
index aebfca151..39537cce7 100644
--- a/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
+++ b/milli/src/update/index_documents/typed_chunk.rs
@@ -118,22 +118,38 @@ pub(crate) fn write_typed_chunk_into_index(
     let mut is_merged_database = false;
     match typed_chunk {
         TypedChunk::Documents(obkv_documents_iter) => {
+            let mut docids = index.documents_ids(wtxn)?;
+
             let mut cursor = obkv_documents_iter.into_cursor()?;
             while let Some((docid, reader)) = cursor.move_on_next()? {
                 let mut writer: KvWriter<_, FieldId> = KvWriter::memory();
                 let reader: KvReader<FieldId> = KvReader::new(reader);
+                let mut written = false;
                 for (field_id, value) in reader.iter() {
                     let Some(value) = KvReaderDelAdd::new(value).get(DelAdd::Addition) else {
                         continue;
                     };
+                    // TODO: writer.is_empty
+                    written = true;
                     writer.insert(field_id, value)?;
                 }
-                index.documents.remap_types::<ByteSlice, ByteSlice>().put(
-                    wtxn,
-                    docid,
-                    &writer.into_inner().unwrap(),
-                )?;
+
+                let db = index.documents.remap_data_type::<ByteSlice>();
+                let docid = docid.try_into().map(DocumentId::from_be_bytes).unwrap();
+
+                if written {
+                    db.put(wtxn, &BEU32::new(docid), &writer.into_inner().unwrap())?;
+                    docids.insert(docid);
+                } else {
+                    db.delete(wtxn, &BEU32::new(docid))?;
+                    // FIXME: unwrap
+                    if !docids.remove(docid) {
+                        panic!("Attempt to remove a document id that doesn't exist")
+                    }
+                }
             }
+
+            index.put_documents_ids(wtxn, &docids)?;
         }
         TypedChunk::FieldIdWordCountDocids(fid_word_count_docids_iter) => {
             append_entries_into_database(