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mirror of https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython synced 2025-05-19 18:53:46 +02:00

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- [فهرست مطالب](#فهرست-مطالب) - [فهرست مطالب](#فهرست-مطالب)
- [ساختار مثالها](#structure-of-the-examples) - [ساختار مثالها](#ساختار-مثالها)
- [استفاده](#استفاده) - [استفاده](#استفاده)
- [👀 مثالها](#-مثالها) - [👀 مثالها](#-مثالها)
- [بخش: ذهن خود را به چالش بکشید!](#بخش-ذهن-خود-را-به-چالش-بکشید) - [بخش: ذهن خود را به چالش بکشید!](#بخش-ذهن-خود-را-به-چالش-بکشید)
- [ اول از همه! \*](#-اول-از-همه-) - [ اول از همه! \*](#-اول-از-همه-)
- [💡 توضیحات](#-توضیحات) - [💡 توضیحات](#-توضیحات)
- [ بعضی وقتها رشتهها میتوانند دردسرساز شوند](#-بعضی-وقتها-رشتهها-میتوانند-دردسرساز-شوند) - [ بعضی وقتها رشتهها میتوانند دردسرساز شوند](#-بعضی-وقتها-رشتهها-میتوانند-دردسرساز-شوند)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-1) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation)
- [ Be careful with chained operations](#-be-careful-with-chained-operations) - [ Be careful with chained operations](#-be-careful-with-chained-operations)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-2) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-1)
- [ How not to use `is` operator](#-how-not-to-use-is-operator) - [ How not to use `is` operator](#-how-not-to-use-is-operator)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-3) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-2)
- [ Hash brownies](#-hash-brownies) - [ Hash brownies](#-hash-brownies)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-4) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-3)
- [ Deep down, we're all the same.](#-deep-down-were-all-the-same) - [ Deep down, we're all the same.](#-deep-down-were-all-the-same)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-5) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-4)
- [ Disorder within order \*](#-disorder-within-order-) - [ Disorder within order \*](#-disorder-within-order-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-6) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-5)
- [ Keep trying... \*](#-keep-trying-) - [ Keep trying... \*](#-keep-trying-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-7) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-6)
- [ For what?](#-for-what) - [ For what?](#-for-what)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-8) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-7)
- [ Evaluation time discrepancy](#-evaluation-time-discrepancy) - [ Evaluation time discrepancy](#-evaluation-time-discrepancy)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-9) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-8)
- [ `is not ...` is not `is (not ...)`](#-is-not--is-not-is-not-) - [ `is not ...` is not `is (not ...)`](#-is-not--is-not-is-not-)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-10) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-9)
- [ A tic-tac-toe where X wins in the first attempt!](#-a-tic-tac-toe-where-x-wins-in-the-first-attempt) - [ A tic-tac-toe where X wins in the first attempt!](#-a-tic-tac-toe-where-x-wins-in-the-first-attempt)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-11) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-10)
- [ Schrödinger's variable \*](#-schrödingers-variable-) - [ Schrödinger's variable \*](#-schrödingers-variable-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-12) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-11)
- [ The chicken-egg problem \*](#-the-chicken-egg-problem-) - [ The chicken-egg problem \*](#-the-chicken-egg-problem-)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-13) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-12)
- [ Subclass relationships](#-subclass-relationships) - [ Subclass relationships](#-subclass-relationships)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-14) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-13)
- [ Methods equality and identity](#-methods-equality-and-identity) - [ Methods equality and identity](#-methods-equality-and-identity)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-15) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-14)
- [ All-true-ation \*](#-all-true-ation-) - [ All-true-ation \*](#-all-true-ation-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-15)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-16) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-16)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-17)
- [ Strings and the backslashes](#-strings-and-the-backslashes) - [ Strings and the backslashes](#-strings-and-the-backslashes)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-18) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-17)
- [ not knot!](#-not-knot) - [ not knot!](#-not-knot)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-19) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-18)
- [ Half triple-quoted strings](#-half-triple-quoted-strings) - [ Half triple-quoted strings](#-half-triple-quoted-strings)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-20) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-19)
- [ What's wrong with booleans?](#-whats-wrong-with-booleans) - [ What's wrong with booleans?](#-whats-wrong-with-booleans)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-21) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-20)
- [ Class attributes and instance attributes](#-class-attributes-and-instance-attributes) - [ Class attributes and instance attributes](#-class-attributes-and-instance-attributes)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-22) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-21)
- [ yielding None](#-yielding-none) - [ yielding None](#-yielding-none)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-23) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-22)
- [ Yielding from... return! \*](#-yielding-from-return-) - [ Yielding from... return! \*](#-yielding-from-return-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-24) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-23)
- [ Nan-reflexivity \*](#-nan-reflexivity-) - [ Nan-reflexivity \*](#-nan-reflexivity-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-25) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-24)
- [ Mutating the immutable!](#-mutating-the-immutable) - [ Mutating the immutable!](#-mutating-the-immutable)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-26) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-25)
- [ The disappearing variable from outer scope](#-the-disappearing-variable-from-outer-scope) - [ The disappearing variable from outer scope](#-the-disappearing-variable-from-outer-scope)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-27) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-26)
- [ The mysterious key type conversion](#-the-mysterious-key-type-conversion) - [ The mysterious key type conversion](#-the-mysterious-key-type-conversion)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-28) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-27)
- [ Let's see if you can guess this?](#-lets-see-if-you-can-guess-this) - [ Let's see if you can guess this?](#-lets-see-if-you-can-guess-this)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-29) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-28)
- [ Exceeds the limit for integer string conversion](#-exceeds-the-limit-for-integer-string-conversion) - [ Exceeds the limit for integer string conversion](#-exceeds-the-limit-for-integer-string-conversion)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-30) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-29)
- [Section: Slippery Slopes](#section-slippery-slopes) - [Section: Slippery Slopes](#section-slippery-slopes)
- [ Modifying a dictionary while iterating over it](#-modifying-a-dictionary-while-iterating-over-it) - [ Modifying a dictionary while iterating over it](#-modifying-a-dictionary-while-iterating-over-it)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-31) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-30)
- [ Stubborn `del` operation](#-stubborn-del-operation) - [ Stubborn `del` operation](#-stubborn-del-operation)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-32) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-31)
- [ The out of scope variable](#-the-out-of-scope-variable) - [ The out of scope variable](#-the-out-of-scope-variable)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-33) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-32)
- [ Deleting a list item while iterating](#-deleting-a-list-item-while-iterating) - [ Deleting a list item while iterating](#-deleting-a-list-item-while-iterating)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-34) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-33)
- [ Lossy zip of iterators \*](#-lossy-zip-of-iterators-) - [ Lossy zip of iterators \*](#-lossy-zip-of-iterators-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-35) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-34)
- [ Loop variables leaking out!](#-loop-variables-leaking-out) - [ Loop variables leaking out!](#-loop-variables-leaking-out)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-36) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-35)
- [ Beware of default mutable arguments!](#-beware-of-default-mutable-arguments) - [ Beware of default mutable arguments!](#-beware-of-default-mutable-arguments)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-37) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-36)
- [ Catching the Exceptions](#-catching-the-exceptions) - [ Catching the Exceptions](#-catching-the-exceptions)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-38) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-37)
- [ Same operands, different story!](#-same-operands-different-story) - [ Same operands, different story!](#-same-operands-different-story)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-39) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-38)
- [ Name resolution ignoring class scope](#-name-resolution-ignoring-class-scope) - [ Name resolution ignoring class scope](#-name-resolution-ignoring-class-scope)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-40) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-39)
- [ Rounding like a banker \*](#-rounding-like-a-banker-) - [ Rounding like a banker \*](#-rounding-like-a-banker-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-41) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-40)
- [ Needles in a Haystack \*](#-needles-in-a-haystack-) - [ Needles in a Haystack \*](#-needles-in-a-haystack-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-42) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-41)
- [ Splitsies \*](#-splitsies-) - [ Splitsies \*](#-splitsies-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-43) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-42)
- [ Wild imports \*](#-wild-imports-) - [ Wild imports \*](#-wild-imports-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-44) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-43)
- [ All sorted? \*](#-all-sorted-) - [ All sorted? \*](#-all-sorted-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-45) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-44)
- [ Midnight time doesn't exist?](#-midnight-time-doesnt-exist) - [ Midnight time doesn't exist?](#-midnight-time-doesnt-exist)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-46) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-45)
- [Section: The Hidden treasures!](#section-the-hidden-treasures) - [Section: The Hidden treasures!](#section-the-hidden-treasures)
- [ Okay Python, Can you make me fly?](#-okay-python-can-you-make-me-fly) - [ Okay Python, Can you make me fly?](#-okay-python-can-you-make-me-fly)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-47) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-46)
- [ `goto`, but why?](#-goto-but-why) - [ `goto`, but why?](#-goto-but-why)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-48) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-47)
- [ Brace yourself!](#-brace-yourself) - [ Brace yourself!](#-brace-yourself)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-49) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-48)
- [ Let's meet Friendly Language Uncle For Life](#-lets-meet-friendly-language-uncle-for-life) - [ Let's meet Friendly Language Uncle For Life](#-lets-meet-friendly-language-uncle-for-life)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-50) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-49)
- [ Even Python understands that love is complicated](#-even-python-understands-that-love-is-complicated) - [ Even Python understands that love is complicated](#-even-python-understands-that-love-is-complicated)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-51) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-50)
- [ Yes, it exists!](#-yes-it-exists) - [ Yes, it exists!](#-yes-it-exists)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-52) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-51)
- [ Ellipsis \*](#-ellipsis-) - [ Ellipsis \*](#-ellipsis-)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-53) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-52)
- [ Inpinity](#-inpinity) - [ Inpinity](#-inpinity)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-54) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-53)
- [ Let's mangle](#-lets-mangle) - [ Let's mangle](#-lets-mangle)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-55) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-54)
- [Section: Appearances are deceptive!](#section-appearances-are-deceptive) - [Section: Appearances are deceptive!](#section-appearances-are-deceptive)
- [ Skipping lines?](#-skipping-lines) - [ Skipping lines?](#-skipping-lines)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-56) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-55)
- [ Teleportation](#-teleportation) - [ Teleportation](#-teleportation)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-57) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-56)
- [ Well, something is fishy...](#-well-something-is-fishy) - [ Well, something is fishy...](#-well-something-is-fishy)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-58) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-57)
- [Section: Miscellaneous](#section-miscellaneous) - [Section: Miscellaneous](#section-miscellaneous)
- [ `+=` is faster](#--is-faster) - [ `+=` is faster](#--is-faster)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-59) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-58)
- [ Let's make a giant string!](#-lets-make-a-giant-string) - [ Let's make a giant string!](#-lets-make-a-giant-string)
- [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-60) - [💡 Explanation](#-explanation-59)
- [ Slowing down `dict` lookups \*](#-slowing-down-dict-lookups-) - [ Slowing down `dict` lookups \*](#-slowing-down-dict-lookups-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-61) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-60)
- [ Bloating instance `dict`s \*](#-bloating-instance-dicts-) - [ Bloating instance `dict`s \*](#-bloating-instance-dicts-)
- [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-62) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-61)
- [ Minor Ones \*](#-minor-ones-) - [ Minor Ones \*](#-minor-ones-)
- [Contributing](#contributing) - [ مشارکت](#-مشارکت)
- [Acknowledgements](#acknowledgements) - [ تقدیر و تشکر](#-تقدیر-و-تشکر)
- [Some nice Links!](#some-nice-links) - [ چند لینک جالب!](#-چند-لینک-جالب)
- [🎓 License](#-license) - [ 🎓 مجوز](#--مجوز)
- [Surprise your friends as well!](#surprise-your-friends-as-well) - [ دوستانتان را هم شگفتزده کنید!](#-دوستانتان-را-هم-شگفتزده-کنید)
- [Need a pdf version?](#need-a-pdf-version) - [ آیا به یک نسخه pdf نیاز دارید؟](#-آیا-به-یک-نسخه-pdf-نیاز-دارید)
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@ -3893,25 +3893,26 @@ What makes those dictionaries become bloated? And why are newly created objects
--- ---
--- ---
# Contributing # &#x202b; مشارکت
A few ways in which you can contribute to wtfpython, &#x202b;چند روشی که می‌توانید در wtfpython مشارکت داشته باشید:
- Suggesting new examples - &#x202b; پیشنهاد مثال‌های جدید
- Helping with translation (See [issues labeled translation](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Atranslation)) - &#x202b; کمک به ترجمه (به [مشکلات برچسب ترجمه](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/issues?q=is%3Aissue+is%3Aopen+label%3Atranslation) مراجعه کنید)
- Minor corrections like pointing out outdated snippets, typos, formatting errors, etc. - &#x202b; اصلاحات جزئی مثل اشاره به تکه‌کدهای قدیمی، اشتباهات تایپی، خطاهای قالب‌بندی و غیره.
- Identifying gaps (things like inadequate explanation, redundant examples, etc.) - &#x202b; شناسایی نواقص (مانند توضیحات ناکافی، مثال‌های تکراری و ...)
- Any creative suggestions to make this project more fun and useful - &#x202b; هر پیشنهاد خلاقانه‌ای برای مفیدتر و جذاب‌تر شدن این پروژه
Please see [CONTRIBUTING.md](/CONTRIBUTING.md) for more details. Feel free to create a new [issue](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/issues/new) to discuss things. &#x202b; برای اطلاعات بیشتر [CONTRIBUTING.md](/CONTRIBUTING.md) را مشاهده کنید. برای بحث درباره موارد مختلف می‌توانید یک [مشکل جدید](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/issues/new) ایجاد کنید.
PS: Please don't reach out with backlinking requests, no links will be added unless they're highly relevant to the project. &#x202b; نکته: لطفاً برای درخواست بک‌لینک (backlink) تماس نگیرید. هیچ لینکی اضافه نمی‌شود مگر اینکه ارتباط بسیار زیادی با پروژه داشته باشد.
# Acknowledgements # &#x202b; تقدیر و تشکر
The idea and design for this collection were initially inspired by Denys Dovhan's awesome project [wtfjs](https://github.com/denysdovhan/wtfjs). The overwhelming support by Pythonistas gave it the shape it is in right now. &#x202b; ایده و طراحی این مجموعه ابتدا از پروژه عالی [wtfjs](https://github.com/denysdovhan/wtfjs) توسط Denys Dovhan الهام گرفته شد. حمایت فوق‌العاده‌ جامعه پایتون باعث شد پروژه به شکل امروزی خود درآید.
#### Some nice Links!
#### &#x202b; چند لینک جالب!
* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sH4XF6pKKmk * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sH4XF6pKKmk
* https://www.reddit.com/r/Python/comments/3cu6ej/what_are_some_wtf_things_about_python * https://www.reddit.com/r/Python/comments/3cu6ej/what_are_some_wtf_things_about_python
* https://sopython.com/wiki/Common_Gotchas_In_Python * https://sopython.com/wiki/Common_Gotchas_In_Python
@ -3922,7 +3923,7 @@ The idea and design for this collection were initially inspired by Denys Dovhan'
* https://github.com/wemake-services/wemake-python-styleguide/search?q=wtfpython&type=Issues * https://github.com/wemake-services/wemake-python-styleguide/search?q=wtfpython&type=Issues
* WFTPython discussion threads on [Hacker News](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21862073) and [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/edsh3q/what_the_fck_python_30_exploring_and/). * WFTPython discussion threads on [Hacker News](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21862073) and [Reddit](https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/edsh3q/what_the_fck_python_30_exploring_and/).
# 🎓 License # &#x202b; 🎓 مجوز
[![WTFPL 2.0][license-image]][license-url] [![WTFPL 2.0][license-image]][license-url]
@ -3931,15 +3932,16 @@ The idea and design for this collection were initially inspired by Denys Dovhan'
[license-url]: http://www.wtfpl.net [license-url]: http://www.wtfpl.net
[license-image]: https://img.shields.io/badge/License-WTFPL%202.0-lightgrey.svg?style=flat-square [license-image]: https://img.shields.io/badge/License-WTFPL%202.0-lightgrey.svg?style=flat-square
## Surprise your friends as well! ## &#x202b; دوستانتان را هم شگفت‌زده کنید!
If you like wtfpython, you can use these quick links to share it with your friends, &#x202b; اگر از wtfpython خوشتان آمد، می‌توانید با این لینک‌های سریع آن را با دوستانتان به اشتراک بگذارید:
[Twitter](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython&text=If%20you%20really%20think%20you%20know%20Python,%20think%20once%20more!%20Check%20out%20wtfpython&hashtags=python,wtfpython) | [Linkedin](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https://github.com/satwikkansal&title=What%20the%20f*ck%20Python!&summary=If%20you%20really%20thing%20you%20know%20Python,%20think%20once%20more!) | [Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=536779657179021&display=page&href=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fsatwikkansal%2Fwtfpython&quote=If%20you%20really%20think%20you%20know%20Python%2C%20think%20once%20more!) &#x202b; [توییتر](https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython&text=If%20you%20really%20think%20you%20know%20Python,%20think%20once%20more!%20Check%20out%20wtfpython&hashtags=python,wtfpython) | [لینکدین](https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?url=https://github.com/satwikkansal&title=What%20the%20f*ck%20Python!&summary=If%20you%20really%20thing%20you%20know%20Python,%20think%20once%20more!) | [فیسبوک](https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=536779657179021&display=page&href=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Fsatwikkansal%2Fwtfpython&quote=If%20you%20really%20think%20you%20know%20Python%2C%20think%20once%20more!)
## Need a pdf version?
I've received a few requests for the pdf (and epub) version of wtfpython. You can add your details [here](https://form.jotform.com/221593245656057) to get them as soon as they are finished.
**That's all folks!** For upcoming content like this, you can add your email [here](https://form.jotform.com/221593598380062). ## &#x202b; آیا به یک نسخه pdf نیاز دارید؟
&#x202b; من چند درخواست برای نسخه PDF (و epub) کتاب wtfpython دریافت کرده‌ام. برای دریافت این نسخه‌ها به محض آماده شدن، می‌توانید اطلاعات خود را [اینجا](https://form.jotform.com/221593245656057) وارد کنید.
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