diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index fe77a3d..29255fb 100755 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ So, here ya go... - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-19) - [Needle in a Haystack](#needle-in-a-haystack) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-20) - - [not knot!](#not-knot) + - [For what?](#for-what) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-21) - - [Loop variable resilient to changes](#loop-variable-resilient-to-changes) + - [not knot!](#not-knot) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-22) - [Let's see if you can guess this?](#lets-see-if-you-can-guess-this) - [💡 Explanation:](#-explanation-23) @@ -1481,6 +1481,61 @@ tuple() --- +### For what? + +Suggested by @MittalAshok in [this](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfpython/issues/23) issue. + +```py +some_string = "wtf" +some_dict = {} +for i, some_dict[i] in enumerate(some_string): + pass +``` + +**Outuput:** +```py +>>> some_dict # An indexed dict is created. +{0: 'w', 1: 'f', 2: 'f'} +``` + +#### 💡 Explanation: + +* A `for` statement is defined in the [Python grammar](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/grammar.html) as: + ``` + for_stmt: 'for' exprlist 'in' testlist ':' suite ['else' ':' suite] + ``` + Where `exprlist` is the assignment target. This means that the equivalent of `{exprlist} = {next_value}` is **executed for each item** in the iterable. + An interesting example suggested by @tukkek in [this](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfPython/issues/11) issue illustrates this: + ```py + for i in range(4): + print(i) + i = 10 + ``` + + **Output:** + ``` + 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + ``` + + Did you expect the loop to run just once? + + **💡 Explanation:** + + - The assignment statement `i = 10` never affects the iterations of the loop because of the way for loops work in Python. Before the beginning of every iteration, the next item provided by the iterator (`range(4)` this case) is unpacked and assigned the target list variables (`i` in this case). + +* The `enumerate(some_string)` function yields a new value `i` (A counter going up) and a character from the `some_string` in each iteration. It then sets the (just assigned) `i` key of the dictionary `some_dict` to that character. The unrolling of the loop can be simplified as: + ```py + >>> i, some_dict[i] = (0, 'w') + >>> i, some_dict[i] = (1, 't') + >>> i, some_dict[i] = (2, 'f') + >>> some_dict + ``` + +--- + ### not knot! Suggested by @MostAwesomeDude in [this](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfPython/issues/1) issue. @@ -1510,36 +1565,6 @@ SyntaxError: invalid syntax --- -### Loop variable resilient to changes - -Suggested by @tukkek in [this](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfPython/issues/11) issue. - -```py -for i in range(7): - print(i) - i = 10 -``` - -**Output:** -``` -0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 -``` - -Did you expect the loop to run just once? - -#### 💡 Explanation: - -- [Source](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/compound_stmts.html#the-for-statement) -- The assignment statement `i = 10` never affects the iterations of the loop because of the way for loops work in Python. Before the beginning of every iteration, the next item provided by the iterator (`range(7)` this case) is unpacked and assigned the target list variables (`i` in this case). - ---- - ### Let's see if you can guess this? Suggested by @PiaFraus in [this](https://github.com/satwikkansal/wtfPython/issues/9) issue.